Abstract: The automobile industry is developing rapidly and the tire production industry is also entering the deciding lane. The organic waste gas generated in the process of tire production also attracts more and more people's attention. The problem of organic waste gas disposal has become the key problem of the enterprise's environmental discharge compliance. In the treatment of volatile organic compounds is more difficult.This paper describes several organic waste gas treatment methods, including the traditional process and modern treatment methods, the advantages and disadvantages of the method are described, and the future direction of organic waste gas treatment And the process is prospected.
After China's reform and opening up, with the economic development into the "fast lane", the automobile gradually entered the homes of ordinary people. The demand for mass car purchase was strong. By the end of 2014, the number of motor vehicles in our country reached 264 million. The tire manufacturing industry associated with it is also growing rapidly, and people are also placing increasing emphasis on the treatment of exhaust gases generated during tire production.
Tire manufacturing process mainly includes raw rubber compounding, bead making, cord compounding, tire forming and tire vulcanization. The process mainly produces dust, sulfides and organic waste gas containing volatile organic compounds (VOCs) accompanied by odor. This article mainly introduces the treatment method of organic waste gas in tire production process.
1 adsorption method
Activated carbon adsorption is an effective method for the treatment of low concentrations of volatile organic compounds. At present, granular activated carbon, powdered activated carbon and activated carbon fibers are often used before they are processed to produce dense and invisible Small holes, and therefore have a larger specific surface area, these holes through the interaction between molecules, adsorbed gas molecules in the exhaust, so as to achieve the goal of processing organic waste gas. Activated carbon adsorption method is one of the earliest applied to the organic waste gas treatment technology, the method is simple and practical, mature technology, high efficiency, odor removal obvious, but the equipment is huge, the process is complicated, easy to be produced by the tire during the production of dust particles blocked Disadvantages.
2 absorption method
Absorption method according to the different absorption process, is divided into physical absorption and chemical absorption. The introduction of organic waste gas absorption solution, the use of similar principles of both absorption and purification. However, since the absorbing liquid tends to be saturated and the treatment efficiency is relatively low, it is now used singly and in combination with other methods as a pretreatment method.
3 combustion method
Burning method according to the specific operational processes can be divided into direct combustion and catalytic combustion. The direct combustion method is to make the organic waste gas with higher concentration and smaller air volume be directly or auxiliaryly burnt in the air stream, and the organic substances in the organic waste gas are oxidized by combustion into carbon dioxide and water. But for low exhaust gas concentrations and lack of exhaust fuels it is difficult to burn directly. The law of catalytic combustion at a lower temperature, the combustible components in the exhaust gas in the precious metal catalyst, transition metal oxide catalyst, complex oxide catalyst under the action of complete oxidative decomposition and release a lot of heat, so as to purify the organic waste gas Kind of method. Combustion method can effectively remove volatile organic compounds and reduce the odor, but the catalytic combustion process strict requirements, can not affect the life and efficiency of the catalyst particles or droplets, or the catalyst poisoning substances.
4 condensation method
Condensation is the use of organic compounds at different temperatures have different characteristics of saturated vapor pressure, the use of lower temperatures or increase the pressure of the method of condensation of gaseous organic pollutants from the exhaust gas separation method. In order to obtain a higher recovery rate, the method of cooling or boosting makes the operation cost higher and the energy consumption larger, so this method is often combined with the processes of compression, adsorption, absorption and the like to recover the valuable products.
5 photocatalytic oxidation method
Photocatalytic oxidation is the use of TiO: catalyst such as photocatalytic activity, to a certain wavelength of light irradiation, the catalyst surface adsorption of volatile organic molecules undergo a series of complex redox reaction, and eventually degradation into carbon dioxide, water and inorganic small Molecular substances. This method has the advantages of high reaction efficiency, no heating and pressurization under the reaction conditions, selective removal and low energy consumption. However, this method is limited to laboratory reaction systems and has not yet been used in large-scale industrial production.
6 low temperature plasma method
Under the action of applied voltage, the low-temperature plasma method uses a series of complex plasma physicochemical reactions of energetic particles and pollutant molecules generated by the breakdown gas to decompose the pollutant molecules to decompose the organic pollutants into non-toxic and non-toxic Harmful substances. Compared with the conventional technology, the low temperature plasma method has the characteristics of simple reaction, simple process, simple and convenient operation process and low concentration of organic waste gas. Due to the initial investment, the technology has not been effectively popularized at present.
7 membrane separation method
Membrane separation method using the gas through the semi-permeable polymer membrane components of the different speeds of the principle of organic waste gas from the membrane through the organic components and air molecules with different permeability and separation methods. This method is suitable for the separation and recovery of high-concentration organic waste gas. The method has the advantages of simple method, low energy consumption and no secondary pollution.
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