The climate temperature has an effect on the germination of seeds. For tomato, the germination of seeds has a certain influence on the growth and yield formation in the later period. The research on the germination of tomato seeds in climate is generally focused on moisture, constant temperature, and high temperature conditions. The study of the effects of low temperature under simulated natural conditions is relatively small. Guangzhou is located in the South Asian subtropical zone and has abundant thermal resources. Spring sowing and winter sowing are the main planting methods for tomatoes. However, due to the influence of monsoon climate, the strong cold air in the north of winter can often turn over the Vietnam Ridge to Guangzhou, causing serious damage to tomato seed germination and seedling growth. The study of the effect of intelligent artificial climate chambers on the low temperature of tomato seed can simulate the environment and ensure the smooth progress of the experiment.

The tomato variety is Hongzheng, which is a major plant variety in Guangzhou. Seeds soaked in clean water for 8-12 h before sowing, then soaked in 1% copper sulphate for 5 min, rinsed with tap water for 10 min. A square plastic box (20cm@8cm@4cm) is used as a germination bed. The bottom of the box is evenly spread with 3cm wet quartz sand. The treated seeds were uniformly placed on a quartz sand in a box of 50 seeds (10 of which were used for measuring the enzyme activity, 20 were measured for ion permeability, and the other 20 were used for counting seed germination parameters). Smart climate chambers are used to set up climatic tests.

Using the intelligent artificial climate chamber to observe the setting of climate temperature, it was found that when the average daily temperature was lower than 1010e (relative to the treatment of 7-12e), the tomato seed germination was affected by low temperature. This study further pointed out that tomato germination will be greatly affected if there is a cold weather within 7 days after sowing, especially within 3 days after sowing. Therefore, for growers, pay attention to the weather changes within one week after the planned sowing date to determine the timing of planting and try to avoid sowing when the low temperature process occurs. For agricultural meteorological service units, the risk of tomato planting can be forecasted according to the prediction of future cold weather. When the average daily temperature is lower than 1010e, timely warning is provided for growers to select timing reference for tomato sowing, and to avoid the early stage of germination. Affected by low temperature, increase tomato emergence and seedling growth rate.

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