“In today's high-yielding rice varieties and modern agricultural machinery, the number of food molds and germinations that cannot be dried in time is staggering, and rice drying technology needs to be popularized in major rice producing areas.†Recently, Guangdong Modern Agricultural Equipment Research Institute Professor-level senior engineer Liu Qinghua said at the rice industry technical training meeting. It is understood that by the end of 2018, the comprehensive mechanization rate of rice in Guangdong was 70.37%, of which the mechanical drying rate was 10%, which became the bottleneck restricting the mechanization of rice production.
Planting large-scale drying and development speed in July and November in Guangdong rice harvesting, when farmers traditionally drying, it takes 3-4 days to get the water content suitable for storage, and the sun drying valley should be ventilated and often flipped. It is understood that every year in Guangdong due to weather reasons, it is less than 5%-8% of the food that is lost due to mildew and germination.
“The use of drying mechanization technology, one is to greatly increase the drying rate of rice, Guangdong often has typhoon and rainy weather during the summer harvest season, which has important practical significance; second, to increase the scale of production capacity, planting large households, agricultural (agricultural machinery) professional cooperative application Mechanized drying can meet the capacity demand.†Liu Qinghua is very optimistic about rice drying technology. In the past, small-scale planting of retail investors, the original income is not high, I feel that the use of dryers is not cost-effective, and now the demand for rice dryers in large-scale planting and processing Very big.
It is understood that before and after 2010, Guangdong began to promote rice drying technology, but at that time the rice dryer had many problems such as high drying temperature, slow precipitation, difficult quality assurance, high operating cost, etc., and the promotion progress was slow. With the continuous improvement of the level of science and technology, a number of new types of mechanical equipment are beginning to emerge. Among them, low-temperature circulating grain dryers, rice heat pump dryers, and continuous dryers are commonly used drying equipments in rice producing areas in recent years.
According to statistics, in the past three years, Guangdong Province has promoted rice drying technology of 16.710 million mu, and promoted 986 households, with an average income of 50 yuan per mu. Rice drying mechanization technology has also been included in the "2019 Guangdong Province's main push technology." At present, Jiangmen City, Enping City, Huizhou City and other large-scale rice dryers, which are mostly rice planting cooperatives, agricultural machinery service cooperatives or grain processing plants, are built to recover costs through rice processing services.
“Drying machine should be fully utilized. Take 10 tons of rice dryer as an example. After investigation, the profit per ton of processing is about 150 yuan per year. According to the daily output of 10 tons, 60 days per year, the annual profit can reach 90,000 yuan. Liu Qinghua calculated an account, a set of 10 tons of dryer equipment invested nearly 300,000 yuan, to remove the purchase subsidy, three years later can recover the cost.
Feng Jian, a large planter who lives in Guanghai Town, Taishan City, has two 12-ton grain dryers. The first is for use, and the surrounding farmers have been invited to help dry. Feng Jiantian charges 2,000 yuan for every 12 tons of drying. By the peak of harvest, the two dryers are in short supply for 24 hours. "Many farmers do not have a drying field now, and the cost of the dryer is not high, which can save a lot of labor and time." .
The future development will be the wisdom granary in the continuous development of smart agricultural machinery, and the mechanization of rice industry has gradually entered automation. The dry storage integrated equipment developed by Guangdong Modern Agricultural Equipment Research Institute is a complete set of intelligent granary monitoring system. “The whole system includes rice dryer, using modern logistics technology to open up, store, process and sell, and use the Internet and Internet of Things to realize the visual, controllable and all-round automation operation of integrated construction. The future of rice industry development must be the way." Liu Qinghua said.
Through the Internet of Things technology, wireless communication technology and cloud computing technology, the system realizes temperature monitoring and monitoring of grain reactor, air temperature and humidity monitoring, CO2 concentration monitoring, O2 concentration monitoring, photo monitoring, video monitoring, remote automatic control ventilation, cooling, drying, etc. . Real-time monitoring of environmental changes in the granary, effectively preventing grain mold, reducing pests, and ensuring the quality of food storage.
Three common drying machines â–¡ low-temperature circulating grain dryer low-temperature circulating grain dryer is environmentally friendly, non-burning coal, no oil burning, using natural gas, liquefied gas as fuel, the advantage is to effectively reduce the grain and grain drying Rate, improve grain accuracy and improve the quality of grain and grain. The disadvantages are high cost, high energy consumption and low efficiency.
□ Rice Heat Pump Dryer The rice heat pump dryer adds a heat pump heat collecting device to concentrate the heat of the outside air and heat it into the drying chamber to dry the grain. The advantage is that the drying temperature is adjustable (40-80 ° C), low carbon *, the energy consumption is 1/3 of the power consumption of electricity drying, and will not be moldy and rot. The disadvantage is that the temperature rises slowly in places with low temperatures.
â–¡Continuous dryer The continuous dryer is a continuous drying equipment, including electric motor, natural gas combustion chamber, air heating device, drying drum and control device. The advantage is that the physical labor is small, the heat consumption is small when heating and cooling the drying chamber, and the uniformity of drying is better. The disadvantage is that the construction is more complicated and the drying process is more difficult to control.
Planting large-scale drying and development speed in July and November in Guangdong rice harvesting, when farmers traditionally drying, it takes 3-4 days to get the water content suitable for storage, and the sun drying valley should be ventilated and often flipped. It is understood that every year in Guangdong due to weather reasons, it is less than 5%-8% of the food that is lost due to mildew and germination.
“The use of drying mechanization technology, one is to greatly increase the drying rate of rice, Guangdong often has typhoon and rainy weather during the summer harvest season, which has important practical significance; second, to increase the scale of production capacity, planting large households, agricultural (agricultural machinery) professional cooperative application Mechanized drying can meet the capacity demand.†Liu Qinghua is very optimistic about rice drying technology. In the past, small-scale planting of retail investors, the original income is not high, I feel that the use of dryers is not cost-effective, and now the demand for rice dryers in large-scale planting and processing Very big.
It is understood that before and after 2010, Guangdong began to promote rice drying technology, but at that time the rice dryer had many problems such as high drying temperature, slow precipitation, difficult quality assurance, high operating cost, etc., and the promotion progress was slow. With the continuous improvement of the level of science and technology, a number of new types of mechanical equipment are beginning to emerge. Among them, low-temperature circulating grain dryers, rice heat pump dryers, and continuous dryers are commonly used drying equipments in rice producing areas in recent years.
According to statistics, in the past three years, Guangdong Province has promoted rice drying technology of 16.710 million mu, and promoted 986 households, with an average income of 50 yuan per mu. Rice drying mechanization technology has also been included in the "2019 Guangdong Province's main push technology." At present, Jiangmen City, Enping City, Huizhou City and other large-scale rice dryers, which are mostly rice planting cooperatives, agricultural machinery service cooperatives or grain processing plants, are built to recover costs through rice processing services.
“Drying machine should be fully utilized. Take 10 tons of rice dryer as an example. After investigation, the profit per ton of processing is about 150 yuan per year. According to the daily output of 10 tons, 60 days per year, the annual profit can reach 90,000 yuan. Liu Qinghua calculated an account, a set of 10 tons of dryer equipment invested nearly 300,000 yuan, to remove the purchase subsidy, three years later can recover the cost.
Feng Jian, a large planter who lives in Guanghai Town, Taishan City, has two 12-ton grain dryers. The first is for use, and the surrounding farmers have been invited to help dry. Feng Jiantian charges 2,000 yuan for every 12 tons of drying. By the peak of harvest, the two dryers are in short supply for 24 hours. "Many farmers do not have a drying field now, and the cost of the dryer is not high, which can save a lot of labor and time." .
The future development will be the wisdom granary in the continuous development of smart agricultural machinery, and the mechanization of rice industry has gradually entered automation. The dry storage integrated equipment developed by Guangdong Modern Agricultural Equipment Research Institute is a complete set of intelligent granary monitoring system. “The whole system includes rice dryer, using modern logistics technology to open up, store, process and sell, and use the Internet and Internet of Things to realize the visual, controllable and all-round automation operation of integrated construction. The future of rice industry development must be the way." Liu Qinghua said.
Through the Internet of Things technology, wireless communication technology and cloud computing technology, the system realizes temperature monitoring and monitoring of grain reactor, air temperature and humidity monitoring, CO2 concentration monitoring, O2 concentration monitoring, photo monitoring, video monitoring, remote automatic control ventilation, cooling, drying, etc. . Real-time monitoring of environmental changes in the granary, effectively preventing grain mold, reducing pests, and ensuring the quality of food storage.
Three common drying machines â–¡ low-temperature circulating grain dryer low-temperature circulating grain dryer is environmentally friendly, non-burning coal, no oil burning, using natural gas, liquefied gas as fuel, the advantage is to effectively reduce the grain and grain drying Rate, improve grain accuracy and improve the quality of grain and grain. The disadvantages are high cost, high energy consumption and low efficiency.
□ Rice Heat Pump Dryer The rice heat pump dryer adds a heat pump heat collecting device to concentrate the heat of the outside air and heat it into the drying chamber to dry the grain. The advantage is that the drying temperature is adjustable (40-80 ° C), low carbon *, the energy consumption is 1/3 of the power consumption of electricity drying, and will not be moldy and rot. The disadvantage is that the temperature rises slowly in places with low temperatures.
â–¡Continuous dryer The continuous dryer is a continuous drying equipment, including electric motor, natural gas combustion chamber, air heating device, drying drum and control device. The advantage is that the physical labor is small, the heat consumption is small when heating and cooling the drying chamber, and the uniformity of drying is better. The disadvantage is that the construction is more complicated and the drying process is more difficult to control.
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