Mineral resource development refers to the process of extracting ore minerals from mineral deposits (including solid minerals and liquid minerals) and extracting or purifying useful materials into certain forms of products through a series of processes such as selection and smelting. The development of mineral resources generally includes industrial production processes such as mining, mineral processing , and smelting, but there are major differences in the development of different mineral resources.
In recent years, with the increase in the price of mineral products, mining development has recovered. Many other industry companies plan to invest in mining, but they do not understand the mineral development process, some blindly impulse investment, and some do not dare to invest. The editor summarizes the mining work experience over the years and clarifies the whole process of mine development.
1. The concept and policy of mining rights:
Mining rights, also known as mining rights, refer to the right to use mineral resources, including exploration rights and mining rights. The former refers to the right of the mining right owner to explore mineral resources within the scope of the exploration permit obtained according to law; the latter refers to the right to mine mineral resources and obtain the mining products within the scope of the mining license. According to the Mineral Resources Law and its supporting regulations, mining rights may be transferred to others upon approval according to law. The value of mining rights mining rights who are within the statutory range, through investment funds and technology to form, and should be protected by law.
Second, the acquisition of mining rights:
Mineral development must first obtain the mining rights legally (domestic mining rights are divided into: exploration rights and mining rights). The acquisition of mining rights can be obtained in two forms: in accordance with relevant state regulations, and in accordance with relevant state regulations.
1. According to the relevant regulations of the State, the state administration department of the bidding and mining rights has specific application requirements. The companies with the qualifications for bidding can apply for the project according to the regulations and obtain the mining rights after approval.
2. Transfer according to the relevant provisions of the State: The exploration rights and mining rights can be obtained through transfer. The good mineral rights and the original mineral rights holders are inspected to negotiate the price and the transfer contract is signed, and the natural resources department (formerly the national land department) is in accordance with relevant state regulations. The mining rights can be obtained by handling the mining rights trading procedures.
3. Exploration and development of mining rights:
With the acquisition of legal mining rights, mining rights exploration and development can be carried out. The work of different stages is as follows:
1. Prospecting rights: (exploration stage)
According to the degree of work, it is divided into three stages: census, detailed investigation and exploration. The mineral rights owner shall entrust a geological exploration unit (company) with exploration capability to carry out prospecting work. Carry out corresponding survey work and submit survey reports at various stages. The results obtained in the previous stage of the survey can be transferred to the next stage of the survey. The prospecting phase is the investment phase of mineral development, and only inputs do not directly benefit. According to the relevant regulations of the state, minerals cannot be exploited, processed, and sold in the prospecting stage.
2. Prospecting rights to mining rights:
The prospecting right has completed the exploration work, submitted the geological reserve report to complete the reserve record, applied for the demarcation of the mining area, and fulfilled the corresponding mining rights procedures in accordance with the regulations to obtain the mining right. Exploring and transferring is a complicated process. It is necessary to complete the review and filing of many policy reports for the mine. The specific process takes about one and a half to two years (the mining rights holder must be psychologically prepared and valued at this stage).
3. Mining rights: (mining development stage)
Mining rights are divided into: infrastructure phase, production phase, and closed pit phase.
1. During the infrastructure construction, the mine construction shall be carried out according to the scale approved by the mining management department, which is divided into: mine shaft construction, mine selection and construction, and mine supporting facilities construction.
2. The mine infrastructure is completed and enters the mine production stage, which is the stage in which the mineral development has achieved benefits. Reasonable mining, meticulous processing, safe production, and careful management are prerequisites for achieving good economic returns.
3. Mine closed pit: According to China's mineral management system, when the mining operation is finished or has ended (usually the year before the end of mining), the mining entity must submit a “closed pit application†and “the application to the administrative departmentâ€. Closed Pit Geological Report. The mining (operation) process in the implementation of the closed pit plan is the closed pit process. The closed pit process is generally implemented on a yearly basis, and the duration is also 2 to 3 years, depending on the scale of mine design and mining.
The above work process is the whole process of mineral exploration and exploitation. Individuals who are willing to develop minerals can refer to it to facilitate mineral development.
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