The crusher for mining is also called the crusher. It refers to the crushing machine with the particle size of more than three millimeters in the discharge, which accounts for more than 50% of the total discharge. Invented by the British Hengan. The crushing operation is usually divided into coarse crushing, medium crushing and fine crushing according to the size of the feeding and discharging granularity. Common sand and gravel equipment include jaw crusher , impact crusher, impact crusher, composite crusher, single-stage hammer crusher , vertical crusher, gyratory crusher, cone crusher, roller crusher. Machine, double roll crusher, two-in-one crusher, one-time crusher, etc.
1, adjustable
The adjustable fine crusher is mainly composed of a swivel part, a guard part and a box part. The wheel core of the turning part has a plurality of hammer frames which are arranged in a non-overlapping manner. The hammer head is fixed on the hammer frame. The width of the hammer head is larger than the hammer frame and the contour. The wheel core is welded by a plurality of contours and fixed on the main shaft. Both ends of the spindle are supported on the frame by a hydraulic bearing housing. The components of the shield are fixed in a plurality of blocks on the casing to protect the casing from abrasion and form different types of counter-crushing cavities. The latest adjustable fine crusher is equipped with a hydraulic device, which is very convenient for internal maintenance of the fuselage, saving users a lot of time and cost.
2, 颚
The jaw crusher is the first choice for primary crushing. It has the characteristics of large crushing ratio, uniform product size, simple structure, reliable work, easy maintenance and economical operation. Therefore, it is widely used in mining, smelting, building materials, highways, railway, water conservancy and chemical industry and many other sectors.
The jaw crusher is a crushing machine that uses two jaws to squeeze and bend materials, and to crush or break various hardness materials. The crushing mechanism is composed of a fixed jaw plate and a movable jaw plate. When the two jaw plates are close to each other, the material is broken, and when the two jaw plates are separated, the block smaller than the discharge port is discharged from the bottom. Its crushing action is intermittent. This crusher is widely used in industrial sectors such as mineral processing , building materials, silicates and ceramics due to its simple structure, reliable operation and ability to crush hard materials . Compared with cone crusher , the jaw crusher has less investment. The finished product has less stone and the production cost is low. Compared with the hammer crusher, the wear parts are used for a long time, the production efficiency is high, and the investment in the later stage is small.
By the 1980s, the feed size of a large jaw crusher that crushed 800 tons of material per hour had reached about 1800 mm. Commonly used jaw crushers are available in double brackets and single brackets. The former is only a simple circular arc swing during work, so it is also called a simple swing jaw crusher; the latter also moves up and down while making an arc swing, so it is also called a complex swing jaw crusher. The jaw crusher is widely used for crushing various materials with a compressive strength not exceeding 320 MPa.
Jaw Crusher Working Principle: In the process of breaking huge stones into small stones, the first crusher is often called the “main†crusher. The longest and most sturdy crusher is the jaw crusher. When feeding the jaw crusher, the material is poured from the top inlet into the crushing chamber containing the teeth. E-tooth pushes the material to the chamber wall with great force, breaking it into smaller stones. Supporting the movement of the teeth is an eccentric shaft that runs through the fuselage frame. Eccentric motion is usually produced by a flywheel that is fixed at both ends of the shaft. Flywheels and eccentrically supported bearings often use spherical roller bearings, and the working environment of the bearings is extremely demanding. Bearings must withstand large shock loads, abrasive water and high temperatures. Despite the extremely harsh working environment, the jaw crusher still needs to work very reliably, which is a key part of ensuring production efficiency.
3, rotary type
The rotary crusher is a large-scale crushing machine that uses crushing motion of the crushing cone in the cone cavity of the casing to produce extrusion, splitting and bending of the material, and coarse crushing of ore or rock of various hardnesses. The upper end of the main shaft equipped with the crushing cone is supported in the bushing in the middle of the beam, and the lower end is placed in the eccentric hole of the bushing. When the sleeve rotates, the crushing cone rotates around the center line of the machine, and its crushing action is continuous, so the working efficiency is higher than that of the jaw crusher. By the early 1970s, large gyratory crushers were able to process 5,000 tons of material per hour, with a maximum feed diameter of up to 2000 mm.
The rotary crusher realizes the adjustment of the discharge opening and the overload insurance in two ways: First, the mechanical method is adopted, and the upper end of the main shaft has an adjusting nut, and the rotating adjusting nut can be lowered or raised to make the discharge opening change accordingly. Large or small, when overloaded, the insurance pin on the drive pulley is cut to achieve insurance; the second is a hydraulic hydraulic gyratory crusher whose main shaft is located on the plunger in the hydraulic cylinder, changing the plunger The volume of the hydraulic oil can change the upper and lower positions of the crushing cone, thereby changing the size of the discharge opening. When overloaded, the downward pressure of the main shaft increases, forcing the hydraulic oil under the plunger to enter the accumulator in the hydraulic transmission system, causing the crushing cone to descend to increase the discharge opening and discharge the non-material entering the crushing chamber. Broken matter (iron, wood, etc.) to achieve insurance.
4, cone type
Cone crusher is widely used in metal and nonmetal mines, cement, sand and metallurgical industries. Applicable to various ores and rocks with fine-grained Platts hardness ≤5~16, such as iron ore, non-ferrous metal ore, granite , limestone, quartzite , sandstone, pebbles, etc.
The cone crusher works in the same way as a gyratory crusher, but is only suitable for crushing machines with medium or fine crushing operations. The uniformity of the discharge particle size of the medium and fine crushing operation is generally higher than that required for the coarse crushing operation. Therefore, a parallel section must be provided at the lower part of the crushing chamber, and at the same time, the rotation speed of the crushing cone must be accelerated so that the material is in the parallel region. Subject to more than one squeeze.
The crushing of the medium-fine crushing operation is larger than that of the coarse crushing operation, so the loose volume after the crushing has a large increase. In order to prevent the crushing chamber from causing clogging, the total discharge cross section must be increased by increasing the diameter of the lower portion of the crushing cone without increasing the discharge opening to ensure the required discharge size.
The discharge port of the cone crusher is small, and the non-crushed material mixed into the feedstock is more likely to cause accidents. Because the medium and fine crushing operations have strict requirements on the discharge size, the discharge opening must be adjusted in time after the liner is worn, so the cone is broken. The fuse and adjustment device of the machine is more necessary than the rough operation.
When the Simon Spring Safety Cone Crusher is overloaded, the conical housing forces the spring to compress and raise itself to increase the discharge opening and discharge the non-crushed material. The adjustment of the discharge opening is performed by adjusting the sleeve, and the adjustment sleeve of the housing can be rotated to drive the housing to rise or fall by the thread on the outer circle to change the size of the discharge opening. The hydraulic cone crusher is secured and adjusted in the same way as a hydraulic gyratory crusher.
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