In so many machines, today we will introduce a not-eye-raft but very important device - the differential. The differential is a differential transmission mechanism used to distribute the torque between the two output shafts and ensure that the two output shafts may rotate at different angular speeds to ensure that the power transmission of each driving wheel under various movement conditions is avoided. Tire and floor slip.
We know that when the car is turning, the distance traveled by the outer wheel is longer than the inner wheel; when the car is driving straight on an uneven road, the curves of the two wheels are not equal; even if the road is very straight, but Tire manufacturing size error, different degree of wear, different load or inflation pressure, the rolling radius of each tire is virtually impossible to equal, if both sides of the wheel are fixed on the same rigid shaft, the two wheel angle speed is equal, the wheel is inevitable There is a phenomenon of sliding while scrolling.
The wheel-to-road slippage not only accelerates tire wear, increases the power consumption of the car, but also can cause deterioration in steering and braking performance. If the driven gear of the final drive gear drives both sides of the drive wheel through an entire shaft, the wheels on both sides can only rotate at the same speed. In order to ensure that the drive wheels on both sides are in a pure rolling state, two axle shafts must be used to connect the two side wheels respectively, and the driven gears of the final drive gear drive the two side axles and the wheels through the differential respectively so that they can be used differently. Angular speed rotation. This type of differential installed between the drive wheels on the same side of the drive axle is called the inter-wheel differential.
â— The structure and principle of the differential
The general differential is mainly composed of planetary gears, planetary carrier (differential case), semi-axle gears and other components. The power of the engine enters into the differential through the drive shaft, directly drives the differential case, and then is driven by the planetary wheels. The right and the second axles drive the left and right wheels, respectively.
When the vehicle goes straight, the right and left sides of the wheel are subject to considerable resistance, and the planetary gears in the differential housing only orbit with the housing and do not rotate.
When the vehicle turns, the inner wheel will have more resistance. The different forces on the two axles on both sides will cause the planetary gears to rotate in the middle, and the axles on both sides will have a difference in speed. The outer side turns faster than the inner side, so the vehicle can make a smooth turn.
A friend who has studied the principles of mechanics and automobiles should know that this is a variant of the planetary gear drive, but for most people, it will not be willing to spend half a day to understand the jerky mechanical principle, but if you have both Strong curiosity wants to understand this mystery, and there is no time to understand what principles, then please spend less than 10 minutes to watch the following video, even if you do not know English, this simple demo also Let you understand the mystery of this one.
The role of differential lock
In a muddy or snowy road, when one side of the wheel loses grip, there is no resistance, and the other side of the wheel is equivalent to being fixed there. The rotation of the planetary gear transfers all the power to the side that lost the grip. The car can only stay where it is.
At this time, the differential plays a negative effect on the normal driving of the vehicle, and the differential is no longer needed. The effect of the differential lock comes out. The role of differential lock is equivalent to a forced intervention, so that the differential stops, left and right two axes become rigid connections, there is power on the side of the resistance, in order to drive the vehicle out of the quagmire and continue to move forward.
â— Differential between shafts
Everyone saw that there is an understanding of the roles and principles of inter-wheel differentials and differential locks. The above is explained by taking a drive shaft as an example. The truck has many dual-drive models. In addition to the wheel-to-wheel differential of each axis, the differential between shafts can be used.
For dual-drive models, power is transmitted from the engine through the transmission shaft and there is also a power distribution for the front and rear drive shafts. The two drive shafts also have different speeds due to different road conditions. The same reason, we drive two drives. A differential is also required between the bridges. This differential is known as an inter-axle differential. In muddy and slippery road surfaces, if one of the drive shafts slips, another axle slip occurs. Therefore, for a vehicle with poor road conditions, a differential lock is also required to restrict the differential between shafts. .
Generally, on the center console of the vehicle, the inter-wheel differential lock and the inter-axle differential lock are represented by the icons in the above figure.
From single drive to dual drive, the concept of differential lock can be further extended to 6X6 all-wheel drive models, and even more drive axles, of course, the vehicle design becomes more complicated. Pictured above is a Scania 6X6 all-wheel drive model photographed by Xiao Bian some time ago. The differential lock is also set.
â— Differential lock precautions
For some vehicles that are driving under severe working conditions, the passing of the differential lock can greatly improve the vehicle's passability, but it also requires more attention when it is used. After the differential lock is actuated, the rotation speed between the drive wheels is the same. If the steering occurs, the tire will be worn out rapidly, and abnormal damage to the components of the drive system will also occur. Therefore, when the vehicle is running normally, it is prohibited to press the differential lock switch, and it is strictly prohibited to use the differential lock for a long time.
The differential lock should be used when the vehicle is at a standstill, or equivalent to the speed of walking. When the vehicle is driving on muddy or pitted roads, causing the central and rear axles to slip, and the vehicle is stranded, the differential lock can be used smoothly. Get out of the faulty road. Switch off the differential lock switch immediately after driving out of the faulty road surface.
The manufacturer made a special reminder to the user
Set interlock switch to prevent misoperation
In order to prevent misoperation of the starting differential during normal driving, some manufacturers have also made special reminders in vehicle design, such as affixing an eye-catching reminder mark beside the differential lock switch and setting an interlock switch on the differential lock switch. The differential lock can only be started after the interlock switch is turned on. After the start, the indicator light on the instrument panel lights up and the buzzer sounds.
In addition, in the use of time to pay attention to check the differential lubrication condition, is not the case of oil leakage, if poor lubrication, it will lead to premature wear of gears, affecting the normal use of vehicles.
For more vehicle information please visit the company's website: or to contact
Dock Leveler Hydraulic Power Pack,Hydraulic Power Pack,Dock Leveler Hydraulic Power Unit,Hydraulic Power Pack For Dock Leveler
Huai`an Vanke Hydraulic Machinery Equipment Co.,Ltd , https://www.wankeyeya.com