Shield machine is the main construction machinery in shield construction. The shield construction method is a construction method for digging tunnels under the ground. It uses a shield machine to excavate in the ground. It can safely carry out tunnels in the machine while preventing the excavation surface of soft ground from collapsing or keeping the excavation surface stable. Excavation and lining operations. In the construction process, a shaft or foundation pit shall be excavated at one end of a section of the tunnel, and the shield machine shall be suspended and installed. The shield machine starts excavation from the opening of the shaft or foundation pit and advances along the design hole until it reaches the hole. The end of another shaft or tunnel in the line.
Tunnel construction with shield machine has high degree of automation, manpower saving, speed of construction, hole formation at one time, no influence from climate, control of ground settlement during excavation, reduction of impact on ground structures and underwater excavation It does not affect the characteristics of surface traffic, etc. It is more economical and reasonable to use a shield machine in the case of a long tunnel tunnel with a large depth of burial.
The basic working principle of a shield machine is that a cylindrical steel component is advanced along the axis of the tunnel while excavating the soil. The shell of this cylindrical assembly is the shield, which acts as a temporary anchor for the excavated tunnel section yet to be lining, withstands the pressure of the surrounding soil, sometimes withstands the groundwater pressure and keeps the groundwater out. Excavation, dumping, and lining operations are performed under the shield.
Shield machine construction mainly consists of three major elements: stable excavation surface, excavation and drainage, and lining including wall grouting. The method of stabilizing the excavation surface is the main aspect of its working principle, and it is also the main aspect that is different from the hard rock boring machine or is more complicated than the hard rock boring machine. Most hard rock bodies have good stability and there is no problem with the stability of the excavation surface.
Shield machine can be divided into different types, such as compressed air type, muddy water type, and earth pressure balance type shield machine, depending on the applicable soil quality and working methods. Slurry shield machine is used to stabilize the excavation surface by pressurizing mud or mud (usually bentonite suspension). There is a sealing partition behind the cutter head and a slurry chamber is formed between the excavation face and the mud is filled with mud. Excavated earth and slurry are mixed and transported by a slurry pump to a separation plant outside the cave. After separation, the mud is reused. The earth pressure balance shield machine is a medium that stabilizes the excavation surface by adding earth material (such as adding foam when necessary to improve the soil). A mud chamber is formed between the front plate and the excavation face of the cutterhead, and the cutterhead is rotated and excavated. The earth material is increased, and then the soil material is transported by rotating the screw feeder. The earth pressure in the soil chamber can be adjusted by the speed of rotation of the cutter head and the amount of excavation (rotation speed) of the screw output feeder.
Since the advent of the shield machine, it has been nearly 180 years old. It began in the United Kingdom and was developed in Japan and Germany. In the past 30 years, through the effective sealing of earth pressure balance type and muddy water shield machines, such as the effective sealing of shield machines, the stability of the excavation surface, the control of surface bulging and collapse within the specified range, and the use of tools have been ensured. The longevity and the replacement of the tool under the sealed condition, the exploration and research of some bad geology, such as high pressure condition processing technology, have made the shield machine develop rapidly. Major foreign manufacturers include Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Kawasaki Heavy Industries, Hitachi Shipbuilding, and Herrenknecht AG. Shield machines, especially earth pressure balance and slurry shield machines, have developed rapidly in Japan due to the rapid economic development and the need for practical engineering. Germany's shield machine technology also has unique features, especially in the underground construction process, to ensure the sealing of the premise and up to 0.3MPa pressure in the case of the tool on the replacement of the cutter, so as to increase the length of a tunnel machine shield. Germany has also developed the replacement of worn tools from the inside of a large-diameter cutter head in the normal pressure space under sealing conditions.
Shield machine is the main construction machinery in shield construction. The shield construction method is a construction method for digging tunnels under the ground. It uses a shield machine to excavate in the ground. It can safely carry out tunnels in the machine while preventing the excavation surface of soft ground from collapsing or keeping the excavation surface stable. Excavation and lining operations. In the construction process, a shaft or foundation pit shall be excavated at one end of a section of the tunnel, and the shield machine shall be suspended and installed. The shield machine starts excavation from the opening of the shaft or foundation pit and advances along the design hole until it reaches the hole. The end of another shaft or tunnel in the line.
Tunnel construction with shield machine has high degree of automation, manpower saving, speed of construction, hole formation at one time, no influence from climate, control of ground settlement during excavation, reduction of impact on ground structures and underwater excavation It does not affect the characteristics of surface traffic, etc. It is more economical and reasonable to use a shield machine in the case of a long tunnel tunnel with a large depth of burial.
The basic working principle of a shield machine is that a cylindrical steel component is advanced along the axis of the tunnel while excavating the soil. The shell of this cylindrical assembly is the shield, which acts as a temporary anchor for the excavated tunnel section yet to be lining, withstands the pressure of the surrounding soil, sometimes withstands the groundwater pressure and keeps the groundwater out. Excavation, dumping, and lining operations are performed under the shield.
Shield machine construction mainly consists of three major elements: stable excavation surface, excavation and drainage, and lining including wall grouting. The method of stabilizing the excavation surface is the main aspect of its working principle, and it is also the main aspect that is different from the hard rock boring machine or is more complicated than the hard rock boring machine. Most hard rock bodies have good stability and there is no problem with the stability of the excavation surface.
Shield machine can be divided into different types, such as compressed air type, muddy water type, and earth pressure balance type shield machine, depending on the applicable soil quality and working methods. Slurry shield machine is used to stabilize the excavation surface by pressurizing mud or mud (usually bentonite suspension). There is a sealing partition behind the cutter head and a slurry chamber is formed between the excavation face and the mud is filled with mud. Excavated earth and slurry are mixed and transported by a slurry pump to a separation plant outside the cave. After separation, the mud is reused. The earth pressure balance shield machine is a medium that stabilizes the excavation surface by adding earth material (such as adding foam when necessary to improve the soil). A mud chamber is formed between the front plate and the excavation face of the cutterhead, and the cutterhead is rotated and excavated. The earth material is increased, and then the soil material is transported by rotating the screw feeder. The earth pressure in the soil chamber can be adjusted by the speed of rotation of the cutter head and the amount of excavation (rotation speed) of the screw output feeder.
Since the advent of the shield machine, it has been nearly 180 years old. It began in the United Kingdom and was developed in Japan and Germany. In the past 30 years, through the effective sealing of earth pressure balance type and muddy water shield machines, such as the effective sealing of shield machines, the stability of the excavation surface, the control of surface bulging and collapse within the specified range, and the use of tools have been ensured. The longevity and the replacement of the tool under the sealed condition, the exploration and research of some bad geology, such as high pressure condition processing technology, have made the shield machine develop rapidly. Major foreign manufacturers include Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Kawasaki Heavy Industries, Hitachi Shipbuilding, and Herrenknecht AG. Shield machines, especially earth pressure balance and slurry shield machines, have developed rapidly in Japan due to the rapid economic development and the need for practical engineering. Germany's shield machine technology also has unique features, especially in the underground construction process, to ensure the sealing of the premise and up to 0.3MPa pressure in the case of the tool on the replacement of the cutter, so as to increase the length of a tunnel machine shield. Germany has also developed the replacement of worn tools from the inside of a large-diameter cutter head in the normal pressure space under sealing conditions.
Shield machine is the main construction machinery in shield construction. The shield construction method is a construction method for digging tunnels under the ground. It uses a shield machine to excavate in the ground. It can safely carry out tunnels in the machine while preventing the excavation surface of soft ground from collapsing or keeping the excavation surface stable. Excavation and lining operations. In the construction process, a shaft or foundation pit shall be excavated at one end of a section of the tunnel, and the shield machine shall be suspended and installed. The shield machine starts excavation from the opening of the shaft or foundation pit and advances along the design hole until it reaches the hole. The end of another shaft or tunnel in the line.
Tunnel construction with shield machine has high degree of automation, manpower saving, speed of construction, hole formation at one time, no influence from climate, control of ground settlement during excavation, reduction of impact on ground structures and underwater excavation It does not affect the characteristics of surface traffic, etc. It is more economical and reasonable to use a shield machine in the case of a long tunnel tunnel with a large depth of burial.
The basic working principle of a shield machine is that a cylindrical steel component is advanced along the axis of the tunnel while excavating the soil. The shell of this cylindrical assembly is the shield, which acts as a temporary anchor for the excavated tunnel section yet to be lining, withstands the pressure of the surrounding soil, sometimes withstands the groundwater pressure and keeps the groundwater out. Excavation, dumping, and lining operations are performed under the shield.
Shield machine construction mainly consists of three major elements: stable excavation surface, excavation and drainage, and lining including wall grouting. The method of stabilizing the excavation surface is the main aspect of its working principle, and it is also the main aspect that is different from the hard rock boring machine or is more complicated than the hard rock boring machine. Most hard rock bodies have good stability and there is no problem with the stability of the excavation surface.
Shield machine can be divided into different types, such as compressed air type, muddy water type, and earth pressure balance type shield machine, depending on the applicable soil quality and working methods. Slurry shield machine is used to stabilize the excavation surface by pressurizing mud or mud (usually bentonite suspension). There is a sealing partition behind the cutter head and a slurry chamber is formed between the excavation face and the mud is filled with mud. Excavated earth and slurry are mixed and transported by a slurry pump to a separation plant outside the cave. After separation, the mud is reused. The earth pressure balance shield machine is a medium that stabilizes the excavation surface by adding earth material (such as adding foam when necessary to improve the soil). A mud chamber is formed between the front plate and the excavation face of the cutterhead, and the cutterhead is rotated and excavated. The earth material is increased, and then the soil material is transported by rotating the screw feeder. The earth pressure in the soil chamber can be adjusted by the speed of rotation of the cutter head and the amount of excavation (rotation speed) of the screw output feeder.
Since the advent of the shield machine, it has been nearly 180 years old. It began in the United Kingdom and was developed in Japan and Germany. In the past 30 years, through the effective sealing of earth pressure balance type and muddy water shield machines, such as the effective sealing of shield machines, the stability of the excavation surface, the control of surface bulging and collapse within the specified range, and the use of tools have been ensured. The longevity and the replacement of the tool under the sealed condition, the exploration and research of some bad geology, such as high pressure condition processing technology, have made the shield machine develop rapidly. Major foreign manufacturers include Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Kawasaki Heavy Industries, Hitachi Shipbuilding, and Herrenknecht AG. Shield machines, especially earth pressure balance and slurry shield machines, have developed rapidly in Japan due to the rapid economic development and the need for practical engineering. Germany's shield machine technology also has unique features, especially in the underground construction process, to ensure the sealing of the premise and up to 0.3MPa pressure in the case of the tool on the replacement of the cutter, so as to increase the length of a tunnel machine shield. Germany has also developed the replacement of worn tools from the inside of a large-diameter cutter head in the normal pressure space under sealing conditions.
Difference between shield machine and TBM
In fact, the TBM and the shield machine are all the same. They are tunnel full-surface excavation. It's just that different working environments apply unused machinery. Their main differences are as follows:
1. The applicable works are different. TBM is used for hard rock and shield machine is used for excavating soil layers.
2. The excavation, balance, and support systems are not the same.
3.TBM is more advanced and more complex than shield technology.
4. The working environment is not the same. TBM is a hard rock tunneling machine. It is generally used in mountain tunnels or large-scale water diversion projects. The shield is a soft soil tunneling machine, mainly urban subways, and small pipelines.
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