Technical Communication With the advent of IPv6, the unique Internet address is currently almost unlimited for all practical purposes. Therefore, how to apply them is not yet fully defined, but in short, the word "smart" will play a key role.
For example, smart homes will present an ideal environment for addressable nodes; each device in the home is likely to become 'smarter' in the near future, and this means that our home will also become smarter.
The idea of ​​remotely managing the home environment is still just a beginning. Conceptually speaking, you don't even have to manage affairs in the traditional sense; your family will be able to make decisions on your own. Mainly manifested as: intelligent lighting, security systems that identify personal identities, or environmental settings that adapt to the season, time of day, and occupancy. All of this will be possible, thanks to the powerful support of the microcontrollers, which collect and exchange data over the secure channel through wireless communications.
<br> <br> evolution of the number of wireless technology for decades, wireless communication technology has been used to facilitate control of industrial environment; for a long time before the emergence of cellular technology, the times GHz bandwidth in the past (still) mainly for Create a proprietary and robust RF link that has both good coverage and flexibility. However, it can be said that the recent 'open' wireless technologies working in the 2.4 GHz bandwidth range have promoted innovation, and the number of relevant protocols launched at the same time is also numerous. Today, protocols dedicated to wireless communications using the 868.0-868.6 MHz (Europe), 902-928 MHz (North America), and 2400-2483.5 MHz (Global) bands are commonly referred to as the IEEE specification of IEEE 802.15.4 and currently include a series of higher levels. Protocols such as ZigBee, Bluetooth, and threading protocols.
Continuous innovation has allowed manufacturers to drastically reduce the power consumption and size of RF-enabled microcontrollers for the IEEE 802.15.4 standard. As a result, it is now expected to provide the basic building blocks for smart appliances to connect to home gateways. , and from now on connect to the entire Internet. In this way, the homeowner can quickly monitor and control these smart appliances from anywhere, and the gateway can gain certain autonomy in controlling the family environment.
To some extent, the vision of this smart home will be realized through the deployment of smart electricity meters, which can more closely monitor the delivery of utilities such as natural gas, water and electricity. In the Smart Link environment, combined with the appliances responsible for consuming these products, the vision of the smart home has apparently taken shape. However, the smarter use of limited resources is only one aspect. In the future, there will be many opportunities to improve the way of carrying out daily activities, including security access control. The currently available 'Smart Lock' can be programmed using personal code to help homeowners understand the situation at home, including who is at home and at home, etc.
Smart homes will be implemented with a large number of sensors, controlled and connected through low-cost, ultra-low-power microcontrollers. This is a great opportunity for OEMs in this exciting and potentially profitable new area.
Integrated Solutions <br> <br> although still low-level protocol IEEE802.15.4, but higher-level protocols but varied and different, device implementation of these agreements as well. For example, the JN516x family of wireless microcontrollers from NXPS Semiconductors integrates a proprietary 32-bit RISC core and a wireless transceiver with a 2.45 GHz radio, modem, baseband controller, and security coprocessor, and one that is in need of a larger range When used to directly control the dedicated output of an external power amplifier.
Figure 1: NXP JN516x Series Wireless MCU Block Diagram
The security coprocessor provides the hardware-based 128-bit AES-CCM mode required in the IEEE 802.15.42006 standard, while the transceiver block provides MAC and PHY functions controlled by the protocol stack running on the CPU, as well as advanced protocols and application software.
Figure 2: NXP JN516x Series Baseband Coprocessor Block Diagram
Although the modem provides all the necessary modulation and spreading functions required by the digital transceiver to comply with the IEEE 802.15.4 standard at 250 kbit/s, the baseband processor provides all timing-critical functions of the MAC layer, using dedicated hardware to ensure the air interface. Accurate timing. This hardware/software partition allows the software to implement the sequence of events required by the protocol to schedule timing events in millisecond resolution, while the hardware can implement specific events with microsecond timing resolution. The software may handle higher layer functions of the protocol, for example, using the services provided by the baseband processor to send management and data messages between endpoints and coordinator nodes.
The security coprocessor can be accessed by application software to perform encryption/decryption operations. The hardware-based implementation of the encryption engine can greatly speed up the process. In addition, the JN516x has twenty general-purpose digital I/O pins and two dedicated digital outputs.
Another example of the future system on line SiliconLabs FIG <br> <br> highly integrated wireless chip launched using ARMCortex-M3 core EM358x series.
Figure 3: Silicon Labs' EM358x Series Wireless SoC Block Diagram
The series also has a 2.4GHz, IEEE802-15.4-compliant transceiver. According to Silicon Labs, this series uses an efficient architecture that exceeds the dynamic range requirements of the IEEE standard by more than 15 dB. The use of integrated receive channel filtering means that devices using this family of SoCs can coexist with other devices using the 2.4GHz range; this is an important factor for smart homes because for many, if not all, home appliances, the expectation is that Start wireless function.
It integrates many MAC functions, AES128 crypto accelerators, and automatic CRC processing in hardware, including automatic ACK transmission and reception, automatic back-off delay for transmission, and evaluation of idle channels, as well as automatic filtering of received packets. The Ember packet trace interface is also integrated with the MAC to capture all data packets in and out of the device in a complete, non-intrusive manner and is specifically used with the Ember development tools.
The two series of wireless MCUs described here are specifically developed and positioned for implementation of the ZigBee protocol, which has been deployed in smart home applications, but the recent threading protocol is expected to result in smart home-based device development due to its unique features. Significant and positive impact. Many SoCs that support ZigBee will also support threads, thus providing a roadmap for developers and OEMs.
Conclusion <br> <br> smart home will use a variety of technologies, including smart meters, gateways and appliances. Although not all smart homes can be connected wirelessly, with the continuous development of wireless technologies such as ZigBee and threads, a large number of smart appliances will use wireless communication as their primary (if not the only) form of connection to home gateways.
The continued development of IPv6 is the basis of this evolution. It can be said that threading is the preferred protocol in this regard because it was developed specifically for exploiting Internet address extensions. This will enable a variety of end-use applications to connect to the home while generating demand for a range of new devices.
In just a few years, homeowners may be able to ask themselves how they were managing when they couldn't monitor and control all aspects of home from anywhere in the connected world.
For example, smart homes will present an ideal environment for addressable nodes; each device in the home is likely to become 'smarter' in the near future, and this means that our home will also become smarter.
The idea of ​​remotely managing the home environment is still just a beginning. Conceptually speaking, you don't even have to manage affairs in the traditional sense; your family will be able to make decisions on your own. Mainly manifested as: intelligent lighting, security systems that identify personal identities, or environmental settings that adapt to the season, time of day, and occupancy. All of this will be possible, thanks to the powerful support of the microcontrollers, which collect and exchange data over the secure channel through wireless communications.
<br> <br> evolution of the number of wireless technology for decades, wireless communication technology has been used to facilitate control of industrial environment; for a long time before the emergence of cellular technology, the times GHz bandwidth in the past (still) mainly for Create a proprietary and robust RF link that has both good coverage and flexibility. However, it can be said that the recent 'open' wireless technologies working in the 2.4 GHz bandwidth range have promoted innovation, and the number of relevant protocols launched at the same time is also numerous. Today, protocols dedicated to wireless communications using the 868.0-868.6 MHz (Europe), 902-928 MHz (North America), and 2400-2483.5 MHz (Global) bands are commonly referred to as the IEEE specification of IEEE 802.15.4 and currently include a series of higher levels. Protocols such as ZigBee, Bluetooth, and threading protocols.
Continuous innovation has allowed manufacturers to drastically reduce the power consumption and size of RF-enabled microcontrollers for the IEEE 802.15.4 standard. As a result, it is now expected to provide the basic building blocks for smart appliances to connect to home gateways. , and from now on connect to the entire Internet. In this way, the homeowner can quickly monitor and control these smart appliances from anywhere, and the gateway can gain certain autonomy in controlling the family environment.
To some extent, the vision of this smart home will be realized through the deployment of smart electricity meters, which can more closely monitor the delivery of utilities such as natural gas, water and electricity. In the Smart Link environment, combined with the appliances responsible for consuming these products, the vision of the smart home has apparently taken shape. However, the smarter use of limited resources is only one aspect. In the future, there will be many opportunities to improve the way of carrying out daily activities, including security access control. The currently available 'Smart Lock' can be programmed using personal code to help homeowners understand the situation at home, including who is at home and at home, etc.
Smart homes will be implemented with a large number of sensors, controlled and connected through low-cost, ultra-low-power microcontrollers. This is a great opportunity for OEMs in this exciting and potentially profitable new area.
Integrated Solutions <br> <br> although still low-level protocol IEEE802.15.4, but higher-level protocols but varied and different, device implementation of these agreements as well. For example, the JN516x family of wireless microcontrollers from NXPS Semiconductors integrates a proprietary 32-bit RISC core and a wireless transceiver with a 2.45 GHz radio, modem, baseband controller, and security coprocessor, and one that is in need of a larger range When used to directly control the dedicated output of an external power amplifier.
Figure 1: NXP JN516x Series Wireless MCU Block Diagram
The security coprocessor provides the hardware-based 128-bit AES-CCM mode required in the IEEE 802.15.42006 standard, while the transceiver block provides MAC and PHY functions controlled by the protocol stack running on the CPU, as well as advanced protocols and application software.
Figure 2: NXP JN516x Series Baseband Coprocessor Block Diagram
Although the modem provides all the necessary modulation and spreading functions required by the digital transceiver to comply with the IEEE 802.15.4 standard at 250 kbit/s, the baseband processor provides all timing-critical functions of the MAC layer, using dedicated hardware to ensure the air interface. Accurate timing. This hardware/software partition allows the software to implement the sequence of events required by the protocol to schedule timing events in millisecond resolution, while the hardware can implement specific events with microsecond timing resolution. The software may handle higher layer functions of the protocol, for example, using the services provided by the baseband processor to send management and data messages between endpoints and coordinator nodes.
The security coprocessor can be accessed by application software to perform encryption/decryption operations. The hardware-based implementation of the encryption engine can greatly speed up the process. In addition, the JN516x has twenty general-purpose digital I/O pins and two dedicated digital outputs.
Another example of the future system on line SiliconLabs FIG <br> <br> highly integrated wireless chip launched using ARMCortex-M3 core EM358x series.
Figure 3: Silicon Labs' EM358x Series Wireless SoC Block Diagram
The series also has a 2.4GHz, IEEE802-15.4-compliant transceiver. According to Silicon Labs, this series uses an efficient architecture that exceeds the dynamic range requirements of the IEEE standard by more than 15 dB. The use of integrated receive channel filtering means that devices using this family of SoCs can coexist with other devices using the 2.4GHz range; this is an important factor for smart homes because for many, if not all, home appliances, the expectation is that Start wireless function.
It integrates many MAC functions, AES128 crypto accelerators, and automatic CRC processing in hardware, including automatic ACK transmission and reception, automatic back-off delay for transmission, and evaluation of idle channels, as well as automatic filtering of received packets. The Ember packet trace interface is also integrated with the MAC to capture all data packets in and out of the device in a complete, non-intrusive manner and is specifically used with the Ember development tools.
The two series of wireless MCUs described here are specifically developed and positioned for implementation of the ZigBee protocol, which has been deployed in smart home applications, but the recent threading protocol is expected to result in smart home-based device development due to its unique features. Significant and positive impact. Many SoCs that support ZigBee will also support threads, thus providing a roadmap for developers and OEMs.
Conclusion <br> <br> smart home will use a variety of technologies, including smart meters, gateways and appliances. Although not all smart homes can be connected wirelessly, with the continuous development of wireless technologies such as ZigBee and threads, a large number of smart appliances will use wireless communication as their primary (if not the only) form of connection to home gateways.
The continued development of IPv6 is the basis of this evolution. It can be said that threading is the preferred protocol in this regard because it was developed specifically for exploiting Internet address extensions. This will enable a variety of end-use applications to connect to the home while generating demand for a range of new devices.
In just a few years, homeowners may be able to ask themselves how they were managing when they couldn't monitor and control all aspects of home from anywhere in the connected world.
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