Photovoltaic power generation and mushroom production complement each other through drying mechanization to achieve mushroom industry upgrade

Shiitake is a famous food and medicinal mushroom. It is rich in nutrition, delicious in taste and pleasant in flavor. It is a treasure of Chinese cuisine. Under the condition of many people in China with less land and more land, mushroom cultivation has opened up an effective way to transform and produce high-quality protein from agricultural and forestry waste. The cultivation of shiitake mushrooms can be divided into four types according to the season: shiitake mushroom cultivation mode in spring, shiitake mushroom cultivation mode in the summer (back-season cultivation mode) and shiitake mushroom cultivation mode; according to different cultivation facilities, cultivation sites and cultivation methods, it can be divided into three dimensions: high altitude forest under three-dimensional cultivation. Shiitake mushroom pattern, shrub cultivation under the forest cover, shiitake mushroom cultivation mode, oblique vertical crossover mode, semi-cover cultivation mode and rack mode.
Nowadays, mushroom cultivation technology has made great progress. There has been a new mode of cultivation of liquid mushroom strains and low-carbon mushroom production technology in mountain areas. Even the appearance of photovoltaic greenhouses has allowed mushroom cultivation to enter Xintiandi. Photovoltaic edible fungus is a new type of industry that integrates the photovoltaic power generation industry and the edible mushroom industry. Solar power panels are installed on greenhouse roofs, and the electricity generated is sold to the national power grid. Edible fungi are grown inside the shed using characteristics that do not require large amounts of sunlight. .

Solar power generation and mushroom production do not interfere with each other and have complementary advantages, which can significantly increase the efficiency of land resource utilization. During the growth process, shiitake mushrooms should avoid direct sunlight and only need a small amount of scattered light. It is also necessary to maintain a good ventilation environment and avoid rain. Mounting solar power panels on shiitake sheds creates good conditions for the growth of shiitake mushrooms while not occupying land to generate electricity. Photovoltaic powerhouses averagely reduce the temperature from 8°C to 14°C, and the relative humidity is stable at about 87%. Daytime light intensity, carbon dioxide, and other data can all meet the normal growth needs of shiitake mushrooms. The annual output of photovoltaic modules in 1 mu of land can reach 73,000 degrees. The photovoltaic facilities can use about 25 years. It is expected that all investments will be recovered in 8.57 years. Photovoltaic power generation can bring considerable income to the mushroom growers.

This year's 35-year-old Xiong Zhenya is a villager in Zhangji Village, Wanghua Town, Funan County, Anhui Province. He had previously worked in Tianjin. In order to take care of the elderly and children at home, he decided to return home to start a business. In 2016, Zhang Jicun all flowed around 1000 mu of low-lying land including the Xiong Zhenya greenhouse and built a 100-megawatt photovoltaic power station. Then, Xiong Zhenya rented photovoltaic panels at a rent of RMB 140 per mu. Cultivated land. “For me, the cost has decreased a lot,” Xiong Zhenya said. Photovoltaic panels are 2.5 meters above the ground, and the following are suitable for planting Xiyin's edible fungus; moreover, land transfer costs are also reduced.

It is reported that Xiong Zhenya has put in 33,000 mushroom sticks this year. In addition to the newly-tested 13,000 sticks, No. 16 mushroom has not been able to grow new mushrooms after two rounds. Other mushrooms have good mushrooming rates. According to the calculation of about 3 acres of 10,000 rod-shaped greenhouses, 16 tons of chestnut twigs and many strains, white sugar, and bran are needed. The cost of raw materials for each 10,000 bacilli sticks is nearly 15,000 yuan. Although the cost is high, the benefits are also good. “From the mushrooming in November 2016, it is estimated that by May 2017, each mushroom bar will produce approximately 1.7 pounds of fresh mushrooms.” Xiong Zhenya said that at present, the wholesale price of shiitake mushrooms is about RMB 6 per catty and the sales amount of 10,000 sticks About 100,000 yuan. Excluding labor expenses and raw material expenses, the net income of an acre of mushrooms is about 30,000 yuan.
  
At present, China's mushroom industry is in a transitional period. The division of labor and factoryization will become the trend of mushroom industry development. The mechanized development of industrialization of shiitake mushrooms can solve the problem of artificial dependency and actively resolve the current lack of labor crisis. It is the fundamental way to develop the mushroom industry. To achieve the industrialization of mushroom production is the “Chinese dream” of the mushroom industry practitioners. It is also the only way for the mushroom industry in China to grow bigger and stronger.
Take mushrooms drying section, long-term large-scale mushroom harvesting can only be used after the drying method, there is far from the distance, drying site tension, long drying time, care hard and defective rate of high disadvantages, is not conducive to mushrooms The sustainable development of the industry, and mushroom drying technology can completely solve the many problems caused by natural drying. The dried shiitake mushrooms have the greatest retention of reducing sugar and shiitake polysaccharides, and they have been stored for a long time. Now many dried shiitake mushrooms are made by this artificial drying method. In general, the difference in nutrition between dry and fresh mushrooms is not significant. From the aspect of taste, dry mushrooms are more fragrant, because during the drying process of mushrooms, due to the transformation of the internal structure, more mushrooms and guanylic acid are produced, which are the flavor substances contained in the mushrooms, so the dried mushrooms are used. The stew is richer in aroma and taste. The new ribbon mushroom dryer can precisely control the temperature and humidity, dried mushrooms, uniform shrinkage, no deformation, mushroom-shaped round, mushroom cover color is dark brown, color and pleasing to the eye, mushroom pleats are milky white, stripes are clear and do not fall , Pure smell, no smoke, burnt smell.

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