The first session of the 12th National People's Congress was opened in Beijing on March 5. Premier Wen Jiabao spoke of suggestions for government work this year in the "Government Work Report," stating that: We must vigorously promote the conservation and recycling of energy resources. We will focus on energy conservation in industries, transportation, construction, and public institutions, control total energy consumption, and reduce energy intensity, material consumption, and CO2 emission intensity.
On February 17, the Chinese government issued the "Opinions of the General Office of the State Council on Strengthening Energy-saving and Emission Reduction of the Internal-combustion Engine Industry" (hereinafter referred to as "opinions"). The Opinions refer to internal combustion engines such as passenger cars, motorcycles, commercial vehicles, ships, agricultural vehicles, and other vehicles and mechanical tools. The main concern for the whole machine and its spare parts is related to the upgrading of energy conservation and emission reduction. The "Opinions" deal with the improvement of various policies and measures such as subsidies, incentives, management policies, technological innovation, and sound standards. Strive to achieve the purpose of energy conservation and emission reduction through the upgrading of internal combustion engines.
According to industry experts, the total volume of internal combustion engines in China today ranks first in the world. The internal combustion engine is the main supporting power for automobiles, motorcycles, agricultural machinery, construction machinery, ships, railway diesel locomotives, geological and oil drilling rigs, internal combustion power generation equipment, military and special-purpose general machinery, and will become a leader in energy conservation and emission reduction in low-carbon economic society. The dominant force of development trends.
However, the internal combustion engine industry in China is in an embarrassing situation of “marginalizationâ€. For example, the Chinese government is very concerned about the issue of energy-saving and emission reduction of automobiles. However, it often only pays attention to the vehicle of the end product, and the industry that produces the automobile engine (internal combustion engine), the heart of the automobile, has not received sufficient attention. In fact, there is a huge potential for energy saving in internal combustion engines. Taking China's total output of 1.35 billion kilowatts of internal-combustion engines in 2010, such as saving one gram of oil per kilowatt hour, the annual savings in gasoline, diesel and other energy sources will be considerable.
Full engine plus T
According to the China Association of Automobile Manufacturers, which was announced in January this year, in 2012, the nation’s automobile production and sales totaled 19,271,800 and 19,306,400 units, ranking the first in the world for four consecutive years. There are more and more passenger cars running on the road, and China has become a “country on wheelsâ€. Of course, the task of energy-saving emission reduction for passenger car engines is also ranked first in the “Views,†“Fields and Tasks,†highlighting the importance of upgrading the entire internal combustion engine industry.
According to the “Opinionsâ€, the extensive turbocharger planning for internal combustion engines has actually made little progress in the field of passenger car engines, and consumers have already accepted or even begun to chase them, making it relatively easy to promote. Including diesel passenger car engines, domestic models have now been added to booster technology, and the market response is also good. Great Wall Motor once launched a diesel version H6 with a displacement of 2.0T, which has an excellent response. However, the upgrading of diesel engines used in commercial vehicles and agricultural machinery is complicated. The industry’s production capacity is extremely uneven. According to the reporter’s understanding, in Sichuan Province alone, there are hundreds or thousands of factories producing agricultural machinery, and the production levels are uneven, many of which are small village workshops. The current state of disarray is really a challenge to the implementation of the New Deal. However, the application of diesel engines in commercial vehicles and agricultural machinery is extremely extensive. The news shows that China consumes twice as much diesel every year as gasoline. According to the reporter, the diesel engines used in commercial vehicles account for 98% of the total diesel engines used. All kinds of data highlight the seriousness of diesel engines currently facing China's environmental pollution and energy waste. Therefore, of the 11 "fields and tasks" in the "Opinions", 5 are all referred to as diesel engines. A full increase of diesel engine T is also on the verge.
Energy conservation and emission reduction companies first
Regarding the impact of the "Opinions" on the diesel internal combustion engine industry, the reporter interviewed the director of the China Internal Combustion Engine Industry Association's office, but the other party just released the "Opinions" and dared not comment on the grounds of excessive evaluation. The reporter hoped to learn from the other party the status quo of the diesel engine production enterprises, and the other party also stated that it was not convenient to make evaluations.
Xing Min, executive vice chairman and secretary-general of the China Internal Combustion Engine Industry Association, said in an interview with the Energy World reporter: “China is the world’s largest automobile producer and consumer country. The internal combustion engine industry is an important basic industry in the national economy. The status in development is very important. It is time for China to vigorously develop energy-saving and environmentally-friendly internal combustion engines with independent intellectual property rights and core technologies."
Coincidentally. The reporter learned that before the release of the Opinions, some powerful diesel engine manufacturers have already begun to develop their own diesel engines for energy conservation and emission reduction. The Wuxi Diesel Engine Factory of FAW Jiefang Automobile Co., Ltd., known as the "leading technology developer of diesel internal combustion engines in China," has worked with foreign third-party design firms to develop low-emission, high-efficiency engines. According to Xichai relevant sources, Xichai's main partners are Austrian AVL and other internationally renowned design companies. Through cooperation, Xichai has mastered the domestic leading, world-class independent research and development model, development process, and development methods, formed a scientific and efficient and continuous independent research and development capabilities, and established energy-saving and environmental protection, electronic intelligence, safety, comfort, durability, and materials. The "technology" five-technology platform has become the only industry leader in the domestic diesel engine industry that has mastered several key core technologies such as VCU, GPS, EGR, and engine braking. It has ten cores in engine braking, fuel economy, post-processing and intelligent control. Technically at the leading domestic level.
Xichai has seven series of W, X, K, F, L, M and N energy-saving and environmentally-friendly diesel engines. Its displacement ranges from 2 to 13 liters, and its power covers 40 to 500 hp. Among them, the environmental protection of Aowei series engines. The economy, reliability and reliability have reached world-class standards. The fuel consumption per 100 kilometers is 2-3 liters lower than that of the domestic similar products, and the product B10 has a life span of 80-1.2 million kilometers. In 2012, Xichai delivered the 6SL2LNG engine to Xiwo, adopting the mainstream American Econtrol electronic control system and the National IV emission standard. 8.6 liters of displacement at the full load of the minimum gas consumption rate of 194g / kW · h, 100 km to save fuel costs than the average model Province more than 10%.
How does Xichai's energy-saving engine save energy? According to Mr. Gao, a senior engineer at Xichai’s Research and Development Department, the energy-saving efficiency of Xichai’s energy-saving engines is more advanced than that of ordinary engines. The first is the advanced overall structure. Four-valve, supercharged intercooled, and electronically controlled diesel injection are commonly used. Technology is the basis for energy conservation. Secondly, parts of Xichai's energy-saving engines are selected by international and domestic brands. Through strict quality control systems, product consistency is ensured, not just prototype energy conservation; in addition, Xican places great emphasis on engines. With a reasonable match with the vehicle, before the vehicle is allocated, a joint operation calculation of the performance of the engine and the vehicle must be performed, and the test agreement can be signed only when the economy and power are competitive. In this way, the energy-saving of the Xicca Engine is not only reflected in the beautiful performance parameters, but also in the actual use of the users, the effect of energy-saving is even more remarkable.
The reporter found that the "Opinions" proposed that in the future to develop demonstration projects for the application of alternative fuel internal combustion engines. This coincides with the development direction of Xichai. Mr. Gao introduced that energy-saving and emission-reduction is the tireless pursuit of Xichai. The research and development and application of hybrid power technology, waste heat recovery technology, idle start-stop control technology, and cylinder deactivation and fuel-saving technologies are the focus of Xichai's current work. Good, I believe that soon, more energy-efficient Xichai engine will appear in the market.
Oil upgrade is also key
According to the “Opinions†plan, if the energy-saving and emission-reduction of engines has been successfully upgraded, will it be able to reduce pollution while successfully reducing energy consumption? Mr. Bai, a veteran automotive expert who once served as a technical advisor for a number of motor vehicle 4S stores, believes that in order to curb the environmental pollution caused by motor vehicle emissions, in addition to the upgrading of internal combustion engines, oil products are also critical. Both are indispensable. He said: In the past two winters, most parts of China have continued to haze, and the industry has criticized China's oil quality. Because for a long time, the upgrading of China's oil quality lags behind, and the sulfur content of oil products is high. At present, the EU countries have already implemented the Euro 5 standard, reducing the sulfur content of gasoline and diesel to 10 ppm. However, in addition to Beijing’s implementation of local Beijing Five standard gasoline, and the implementation of national standard gasoline in some regions such as Shanghai, the Pearl River Delta, and Jiangsu, China’s other three regions are still implementing the three national standards. The national standard specifies that the sulphur content should not exceed 150ppm, which is 15 times that of Europe.
Moreover, the upgrading of oil products requires refineries to upgrade their entire production lines such as equipment and equipment. Due to the cost issue, many large and small oil refineries in China have not upgraded according to oil standards, and managed to allow non-compliant oil to flow into the market, making the “prompts†of the Chinese government to raise oil standards to no avail.
"Even if the internal combustion engine of our country were successfully upgraded a few years later, if the quality of the oil cannot keep up, the efficiency of the booster engine will not be fully realized because of the quality of the oil itself. Therefore, besides upgrading the engine, upgrading Oil quality is also imperative," Mr. Bai introduced.
According to reports, according to the "12th Five-Year Plan" for the Prevention and Control of Atmospheric Pollution in Key Areas, China's national vehicle gasoline needs to be replaced to the National IV standard since 2013; the transition period will be December 31, 2013; and from 2013,7 The national standard diesel that circulates domestically needs to be upgraded to the national standard. By that time, the concentration of sulfur in automobile exhaust will fall to about five times below the European level. The survey also found that in addition to the Yangtze River Delta regions such as Zhejiang and Jiangsu that have started to implement the National IV standard in 2012, provinces and cities such as Henan, Shandong, Hainan, and Chongqing also have plans and reports on the popularization of IV national standard gasoline before the end of 2013. At the same time, the report also said that after raising the standard, the price of oil per liter would rise by about 3 cents. The "two barrels of oil" has apportioned the cost of upgrading the production line to the consumer and is once again in dispute.
Improve fuel standards more directly
Mr. Bai believes that it is important to promote the implementation of energy-saving and emission-reduction plans for internal combustion engines on schedule. However, it is more straightforward to set higher emission standards so that engines that fail to meet the deadline can not enter the market. Turbocharging technology was first widely used by motor vehicle internal combustion engine manufacturers in Europe. Its original intention was precisely to meet Europe's extremely stringent emission standards. In Europe, the emission standards for automotive exhaust gas are generally updated every four years and have reached Euro 5 now. In particular, European depots are now applying turbocharging technology to small-displacement engines in large numbers, not for squeezing performance, but for lower fuel consumption and emissions, as is the case with Mercedes-Benz's new generation of CGI turbocharged engines.
The reporter's investigation found that the plan for the implementation of the National Five Standards for passenger vehicle emissions has been repeatedly appealed by people from all walks of life. In January 2013, the five standards for automobile emission countries made secondary comments. This means that the escalation of automobile emission standards is also in full swing. This opinion collection first proposed control of particulate matter. According to authoritative tests, light vehicles that meet the National Five Standard will reduce the nitrogen oxides by 25% to 28% on the existing basis and reduce particulate matter by 82%. The “Opinions†promulgated thereafter also plan: By 2015, the fuel consumption rate of internal combustion engines will be reduced by 6%-10%, CO2 emissions will be reduced by 62 million tons, and the nitrogen oxide emissions will be reduced by 10%. Combining the two, the Opinions are more like the specific implementation method of the National Five Standards.
Similarly, after July 1, 2013, China's four emission standards for commercial vehicle countries will officially begin implementation. Regarding this, the representatives of the National People's Congress and the board of directors of Yuchai Group Co., Ltd. who participated in this year's “two sessions†stated that in the proposal, “the state must effectively promote the emission upgrade of medium- and heavy-duty commercial vehicles through the subsidy policy for terminal vehicles and enhance the self-owned commercial vehicles. The competitiveness will further effectively control and reduce vehicle exhaust emissions."
With the European Union adopting more stringent European emission standards on September 1, 2009, developed countries have imposed special carbon dioxide emission tariffs (carbon tariffs) on imported products with high energy consumption. The foreign technical barriers faced by China’s auto exports have continuously increased. At the same time, national ministries and commissions such as the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology have adopted the mandatory national standard “Methods and Indicators for Evaluating the Fuel Consumption of Passenger Vehicles†in principle. By 2015, China's emissions regulations will be in line with international standards. This means that in the past five years, the Chinese internal combustion engine industry will face a huge technological leap.
Look forward to policies
According to the news, commercial vehicle emissions have to meet the National IV standard, involving the upgrading of diesel engine and related industries' technologies and products. The diesel engine parts industry has the greatest impact, and the most important ones are the electronically controlled diesel injection system industry and the diesel engine aftertreatment device industry. "Especially, the majority of China's heavy-duty trucks are still mechanical pumps, and the actual implementation of the National IV will face the cost pressures of switching electronically controlled fuel injection systems and increasing exhaust after-treatment systems. Engine manufacturers and OEMs are facing huge costs. Pressure, unable to bear the increased costs. On the one hand, if the increase in the cost borne by the user, will eventually be passed on to freight, affecting all aspects of economic activity, with the animal price level." Fuping introduction.
On the other hand, from the conclusions of market research and consulting company market research, the market is not fully able to accept this increase in cost. It can be predicted that in the first half of this year, there will be a rush to purchase the National 3 vehicles. After the implementation of the Fourth National Standard, vehicle sales will decline. The growth of the sales volume of the Fourth National Commercial Vehicle will be relatively slow, affecting the maturity of the Fourth National Product and the growth of related industries.
“If the state can give subsidies to the above-mentioned analysis of the Fourth National Medium- and Heavy-duty Commercial Vehicle (specifically N2 and N3 categories), this problem can be solved. The starting point for policy formulation should be to encourage technology and industry progress to achieve energy conservation and emission reduction. "Yao Ping said.
“In the next five years, the annual sales of medium-sized trucks will be less than 300,000, and the annual sales volume of heavy trucks will be less than 700,000. The national financial funds involved in the three years will be approximately 260, 210, and 16 billion yuan, which is currently fully affordable by the state. With regard to improving the environment, improving bad weather, and reducing the huge cost of future environmental governance, this investment is entirely worth it.†Fuping added.
In addition, from the most important environmental point of view, Fuping thinks: “Although the number of commercial vehicles is about three times less than that of passenger vehicles, single commercial vehicles have much larger displacement and vehicle mileage than passenger vehicles. The overall percentage of exhaust emissions is very high. Therefore, emission regulations and policies for commercial vehicles should be the focus of motor vehicle emissions control.â€
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