According to Wang Songhan, with the exception of Taiwan, Hong Kong, and Macao, currently there are 12 provinces and cities for ethylene equipment in China, accounting for 39% of the provinces and cities in the interior; there are also 19 provinces and cities to be proposed, which together account for over 60% of the total. . At present, the proposed and built ethylene plants will be located in coastal provinces and cities in the east, Xinjiang in the west, Heilongjiang in the north, Guangdong in the south, Chongqing, Hubei, Shaanxi in the middle, and almost all of mainland China. Even in a province of Liaoning, the built and proposed installations are scattered in several locations in Liaoyang, Panjin, Fushun and Dalian. The disadvantages of such a scattered layout are obvious. The first is to increase investment. Shanghai Secco's annual production capacity of 900,000 tons of ethylene project is built in the chemical industry zone, and a series of public and auxiliary facilities such as the public engineering system can be shared, with a total investment of 249 million yuan per 10,000 tons of ethylene project; The production of 800,000 tons of ethylene is due to a separate supporting public works and auxiliary facilities. The total investment per 10,000 tons of ethylene is 213 million higher than that of Shanghai Secco. The second is the repeated waste of public works investment. With an annual production capacity of 600,000 tons of ethylene plant engineering, the U.S. cans, docks and other utilities accounted for 20% of the entire project, China is 40% to 50%, that is to say 20% of which must be repeated. The third is to increase the risk of pollution. At present, there are almost all refineries in major ports in China. The pollution caused by leakage of light through oil seepage is a major problem.
Wang Songhan believes that inland old industrial bases should not be easily deployed because the local market is limited and land transportation is relatively expensive when exporting. With reference to foreign experience, the eastern coastal area is an ideal planning area for the new ethylene project. Selecting the optimal points in the Luzhou Bay, Hangzhou Bay and Bohai Rim areas, and focusing on the construction of large-scale vinyl sites should be the main ideas for ethylene development in China.
It is understood that in recent years there has been a domestic investment in large ethylene projects. If all major ethylene projects reported in various places are approved for construction, China’s ethylene production capacity will reach 10 million tons/year by 2010. And the ability to reach nearly 20 million tons/year is already in the plan.
News Links There are 45 ethylene plants in the United States, of which 29 are built in the Gulf of Mexico in Texas. The output accounts for 68% of the country's total production, and the number of devices accounts for 60%; Los Angeles 12 sets of ethylene devices account for 24% of the country's total output. 24%. Two places form the main battlefield of ethylene in the United States. Germany has a total of 21 sets of equipment, of which 8 sets are built in Wisling, accounting for 38% of the total number of German ethylene plants, and production accounts for 27%. Four sets of Belgium, all built in Antwerp. Most of the ethylene plants in Japan are built in Tokyo Bay. Singapore is concentrated on Jurong Island. South Korea is concentrated in Ulsan... At present, ethylene plants in developed countries all have a base-like distribution, characterized by oil and ports.
Casing is a large-diameter pipe that serves as the structural retainer for the walls of oil and gas wells or wellbore.
It is inserted into a well bore and cemented in place to protect both subsurface formations and the wellbore from collapsing and to allow
drilling fluid to circulate and extraction to take place
The oil casing is a steel pipe used to support the well wall of oil and gas wells to ensure the normal operation of the whole well during drilling and after well completion. Several layers of casing shall be used for each well according to different drilling depth and geological conditions. Cement shall be used for cementing after casing is put into the well. It is different from TUBING and drill pipe and cannot be reused. It is a disposable consumable material. Therefore, casing consumption accounts for more than 70% of all oil well pipes.
Casing is a large-diameter pipe that serves as the structural retainer for the walls of oil and gas wells, or wellbore. It is inserted into a well bore and cemented in place to protect both subsurface formations and the wellbore from collapsing and to allow drilling fluid to circulate and extraction to take place.
Surface casing
- Protects the well from contamination in shallow water and gas layers.
- Supports the wellhead equipment and sustains the weight of the other layers of casing.
Intermediate casing
- Isolates different layers of pressure to facilitate normal circulation of drilling fluid and protect the production casing.
- Intermediate casing facilitates the installation of blow-out preventers, anti-leakage devices and tailpipes in the well.
Production casing (oil string)
- It is the conduit through which oil and gas pass from a below surface reservoir.
- It protects the well and separates fluids into various layers.
First, green pipes are threaded on each end. The threading is then inspected and, if necessary, rethreaded to ensure that the thread accurately connects to the coupling. The threading type includes STC/BTC/LTC. The casing pipes are strengthened by surface treatment and are subject to various inspections, including drifting and hydrostatic tests before they are coated and packaged into casing.
Casing pipes are ordinarily produced with outside diameter sizes of 114.3 mm to 508.0 mm.
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