The influence of cylinder diameter on the exhaust temperature of air compressors. Gu Junwei Wang Rende Le Weijian Tian Taowen takes a type of high-pressure air compressor as an example to analyze the cause of the high exhaust temperature of a certain stage.
Starting from the structure of the equipment itself, the cylinder temperature is adjusted to balance the exhaust temperatures of the various stages, thereby improving the performance of the air compressor.
Key words air compressor thermal calculation process index exhaust temperature cylinder diameter preface In the design of air compressor, the traditional theory is to determine the cylinder diameter of the piston diameter by the principle of equal pressure ratio distribution, which can often neglect the structure of the equipment itself. As a result, the exhaust temperature of a certain stage is obviously high, which causes carbon deposition in the exhaust chamber of this stage, and the life of the exhaust valve is greatly reduced.
In addition, the allowable temperature of the compressed gas is limited by the flash point of the cylinder lubricating oil. The maximum temperature should not exceed the flash point of a lubricating oil. Therefore, theoretically analyzing the high exhaust gas temperature to find a reasonable solution to improve The performance of the compressor has a positive meaning.
The analysis problem of high exhaust gas temperature is the 6-type air compressor developed by me. After many improvements, the reliability of its performance index has been greatly improved. It has been used for many types of naval vessels.
However, there are still some areas that need improvement. For example, the exhaust gas temperature is high, there is carbon deposit in the exhaust chamber of the class, and the life of the exhaust valve is low.
The test results listed in the table are evidence.
Table number final pressure (field exhaust temperature water flow (stage å¯ thermal calculation verification known parameters 1 intake temperature 2 intake pressure (absolute pressure 3 exhaust pressure (absolute pressure 4 nominal speed two 5 stroke 6 cylinder diameter two (see Figure 7: Relative clearance of each level, two guards from O, two, one pseudo-two door, one turn, the electromechanical equipment, the first phase of the n-door, the calculation of the various thermal parameters (when the 1st stroke volume is a strange fire one The child is looking for one hand and one skill.
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One Jin only Shengyue and only one time fights one Jin Jinyi Jin Jinyi Lin 2 parameters related to the amount of exhaust gas determination table first level second level third level fourth level pressure) altar (temperature) and air leak) again.
Effective Gong 3 recalculation based on imaginary stroke volume decay first level second level third level fourth level beads one sand) several Gongzhu Gongfan several pressure resistance ratio and volume parameter table first level second level third level fourth The level of Van Ma, Tianfan, only the state of the second two, the mouth of the two.
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Two grid 5 exhaust gas temperature gauge first level second level third level fourth stage pressure than self-inhalation temperature a few n weeping exhaust temperature several reasons analysis and improvement methods can be seen from the data listed in the table The exhaust condition is the best. In this respect, the cooling water flow direction is the class 1 class-class cylinder water chamber. The stage cooling condition is good. In addition, the stage cylinder is ring-shaped, the ratio of the cylinder surface area to the cylinder volume is the largest, and the cooling condition is the best. .
Therefore, the values ​​of the exhaust temperatures of the two stages are larger than the test data of the table. This is because the temperature is measured by the mercury thermometer during the test, and the measured result is much lower than the actual situation.
The exhaust gas temperature is high, which indicates that the exhaust gas temperature of the theoretical analysis is consistent with the test results. From the perspective of thermal calculation, the direct cause of the high exhaust gas temperature is that the class pressure ratio is too high, and the indirect cause is the level. The cylinder diameter is too large.
Therefore, to reduce the exhaust temperature of the class, in theory, the most effective method is to reduce the diameter of the cylinder.
However, reducing the diameter of the cylinder will increase the stage pressure ratio and increase the temperature of the stage exhaust.
Since the cooling effect of the stage is the best, the increase in the exhaust gas temperature is not too large.
The method reduces the diameter of the cylinder from the station to the ram according to the above calculation method, and the final result is the first stage, the second stage, the third stage, the fourth stage pressure, the self-inhalation temperature, a few n, and the exhaust temperature, a few t The method is to reduce the diameter of the cylinder from the necessary to the calculation method according to the above, and the final result is the first stage, the second level, the third level, the fourth stage pressure, the self-inhalation temperature, the n-cloud, the electromechanical setting, the 0-year period. Continued table first level second level third level fourth level n one exhaust temperature several t coincidence three levels of cylinder diameter verification comparison table, level cylinder diameter first level second level third level fourth level must be this The table is the result of the test verification.
It can be seen from the table that the exhaust temperature of the class is reduced from the drop to the branch or the branch, and the exhaust temperature of other levels is not changed much.
Thereby effectively improving the performance of the air compressor.
Conclusion From the analysis and calculation of the upper 6 high pressure air compressor, it can be known that the structure of the air compressor itself is different, which causes the compression process index of each cylinder to be different, thus affecting the exhaust temperature of each stage.
In the actual air compressor design, the compression process index can select large and medium-sized compressor micro and small air compressors according to the following empirical data. However, when selecting the compression process index, it should be noted that if the cylinder cooling condition is good, a smaller value air compressor can be taken. The higher the rotational speed, the closer the compression process is to adiabatic, the larger the cylinder pressure should be. When the cylinder pressure is higher, the temperature at the end of the gas compression and the average temperature of the cylinder wall increase, but the gas temperature rises faster, the gas and the cylinder The temperature difference between the walls tends to increase, which promotes the heat exchange enhancement. Therefore, the value should be reduced. When the pressure and pressure ratio are the same, the cylinder size is larger, the ratio of the cylinder surface area to the cylinder volume is reduced, and the external heat exchange of the gas is corresponding. Weakened, so the value should be increased for multi-stage air compressors. The exhaust volume of each stage is almost equal in most cases, but the low-pressure heat exchange surface is much larger than the high pressure stage, although the gas is exothermic with the pressure. The coefficient is increased, but it does not compensate for the impact of the reduction of the heat exchange surface, so the value should be increased step by step.
Therefore, according to the structure of the air compressor itself, the process index value is reasonably selected, and the cylinder diameter of each stage is appropriately adjusted by the thermal calculation to achieve the purpose of balancing the exhaust temperatures of the various stages, thereby effectively improving the performance of the air compressor.
References Piston compressor design.
Mechanical Industry Press, Yan Huibin and so on.
Marine compressor manual.
The principle of electromechanical piston compressors.
Edited by Xi'an Jiaotong University.
Wang Rende and so on.
A new type 1 high pressure air compressor.
Electromechanical equipment, China developed a new radial piston pump. The new electro-hydraulic proportional load-sensitive variable radial piston pump jointly developed by Shanxi Pingyang Machinery Factory and Taiyuan Heavy Machinery College has passed the expert review organized by Shanxi Provincial Science and Technology Department.
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