Sand gold mining equipment has always been mobile. Some ancient gold-gold production equipment, although quite simple, has been used in the history of world gold gold production for thousands of years, and has made great contributions to the world's gold production, and some have been used ever since.
China has a vast territory and a large number of small gold mines, providing a raw material base for the development of small-scale gold selection plants. Moreover, the development of small-scale selection plants can also eliminate the excessively simple equipment and production methods such as amalgamation mill, soil cyanidation and short chute in the group mining in the previous period, and improve the recovery rate of gold. The use of small styling plants to develop numerous sporadic mines can also increase gold production.
Nowadays, the small-scale plants around 25t∕d in China use the cycle grinding-plate amalgam-flotation process, which consumes a lot of mercury and pollutes the environment. The re-election equipment has good gold collection effect, and various re-election equipments have no moving parts, and basically do not need maintenance, stable production performance, low investment, low cost, and can prevent mercury damage. Due to the low per capita income in China and the protection of the environment and the improvement of gold recovery rate, China's small gold selection plants should be based on small, applicable multi-stage grinding and multi-stage re-election, and then use mercury in the final concentrate. Gold is recovered by methods such as cyanidation. In order to develop our own small gold selection factory, some foreign experiences are listed below for reference.
Foreign mobile gold selection plants have been developed for many years, and they are all made up of a combination of matching equipment. In northern Canada, due to the seasonality, the complete set of equipment is mounted on a fixed chassis that can be towed over a wide area by trailer or tractor traction. In the production of gold, the selection and selection capacity of the selected plants is about 100m 3 ∕h. In the selection of gold and gold mines, Logue reported five profitable mobile small-scale plants based on a series of amalgam-based processes, each of which strives to be the easiest equipment. Suitable for handling a particular type of ore for best results. Once the ore has changed, it is only necessary to add a small amount of investment to add some equipment to adapt to the treatment of another ore. The mercury recovery rate of these process golds is over 60%, and the total recovery rate is 85% to 97%. The tailings produced and the concentrates that cannot be sold due to the far-distance freight are separately piled up. When the accumulated funds can purchase a small cyanide equipment, they are treated with cyanidation. These fine and tailings have been mixed with mercury and re-selected to recover coarse gold, and after a period of time, the cyanide leaching time can be shortened. Due to the reasonable assembly of these small plants, the equipment is stereotyped, the structure is also firm and reliable, the operation is easy, and there is not much chemical knowledge and no skilled person to operate.
The basic equipment of the five small plants is the same, and other equipment is only added to deal with different types of ore and increase the gold recovery rate.
Process A has the least investment. It is configured by basic equipment and is suitable for processing the ore, which is usually fragile, high in gold, and easy to dissociate from gold particles. The ore passes through the sieve and the large one enters the jaw crusher. broken. The particle size of the ball mill is controlled by a spiral screen installed at the discharge port. After the fine-grain slurry is mixed with mercury through a mercury-mixing plate, the tailings and the middle ore are sorted by a shaker, and the medium-mine is returned to the ball mill.
Process B is suitable for ore brittle, gold grain coarse, but the surface of the gold grain has a film, and the mercury plate has a poor effect of mixing mercury. It adds a jig and a mercury amalgamation cartridge to Process A. At this time, the mercury plate is replaced with blankets, velvet mats, etc., and the jig and the concentrate produced by the gold-seat mat are mixed into the mercury-mixing cylinder to enhance the amalgamation.
Process C adds a spiral classifier and combines a ball mill, a jig and a spiral classifier into a circuit. It can make the crushed ore finer in size, improve the efficiency of the jig, and also improve the recovery of fine-grained monomer gold and recover gold from gold-containing sulfides.
Flow D adds a set of common flotation machines. It is suitable for treating gold-containing oxidized ores and recovering gold-containing sulfides, strontium compounds, etc. from sulfide ore. Increasing the flotation operation will only increase the processing fee per ton of ore by a few cents. In many cases, flotation of small mills can avoid the loss of very fine gold particles, increase gold recovery and increase profitability.
Process E is the same as Process D, except that the ordinary flotation machine is changed to the efficient SUB-A type flotation machine. The process is characterized by the fact that the SUB-A flotation machine can handle coarse feedstocks, thus greatly increasing the amount of ore processed. Therefore, ball mills, jigs, amalgamation cylinders, suede runners (or mercury plates) and flotation machines are all open circuits. After recovering fine gold and gold-containing granular minerals from the slurry by flotation, the coarse and fine tailings can be discarded, and only the rock in the shaker is dehydrated and returned to the ball mill by a spiral classifier. Although the recovery rate of this process gold is lower than that of process D, the increase in the treatment of minerals can make a greater profit. And because the concentration of the slurry discharged from the ball mill is thin, it is impossible to use any re-election equipment to replace the jig before the flotation to improve the recovery rate. The reason why people want to use process E instead of process D is that it is suitable for processing various types of ore, and can increase the amount of ore processed and obtain higher profits.
Denver's small gold-plating factory, including complete equipment for ore crushing, amalgamation and cyanidation, is divided into five series of daily processing ore 15t, 25t, 50t, 100t and 250t. The largest is the complete set of equipment for the gold processing plant that processes 500t of ore daily. Since the United States is not as cold as Northern Canada, the complete gold-plating factory only emphasizes that the package does not have to be packed together and migrate with the seasons. In the above series, the 250t or more selection plant is equipped with two crushers , one coarse crushed and one fine crushed to reduce the ore into the grinding block and improve the grinding efficiency of the ball mill. When the gold plant is expanded to a cyanide plant, if a carbon slurry process is used, a single-layer thickener (one thicker machine area of ​​0.55-0.65 m 2 /h per ton of dry ore) should be added, and the cyanide leaching is stirred. Three tanks (the tank capacity is treated according to the day of the plant selection, and the batch is leached for 36-48 hours), and the supporting equipment such as sieve analysis, desorption, carbon regeneration and electrolysis gold extraction. If cyanide-countercurrent decantation washing- zinc replacement process is adopted, in addition to the above thickener and cyanide tank, three thickeners of the same specification and supporting clarifiers, vacuum degassing towers, vacuum pumps, zinc replacement, etc. Equipment and corresponding motors, pumps, etc.
These are just some of the small goldworks equipment produced in North America. In addition to North America, some famous mining machinery manufacturers in Sweden, Finland, Australia, etc. also vigorously develop mobile small gold selection plants or complete sets of equipment. For example, the small gold selection plant produced by Sweden Sarah Company has a solid crusher with stable structure and advanced indexes. The second stage and closed circuit crushing ratio is up to 40, and the length of a closed circuit grinding is 90%-0.074. Mm (-200 mesh). Two sets have been introduced in the Homest Gold Mine in the United States, and the well has already been put into production.
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